The Adult Bullying Scale: An Adaptation Study

Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology Vol.7 Issue.1

Doi:10.35365/ctjpp.25.1.01

RESEARCH ARTICLE / ARAŞTIRMA YAZISI

The Adult Bullying Scale: An Adaptation Study

Yetişkinlerde Zorbalık Ölçeği: Bir Uyarlama Çalışması

Gökçe Deniz Kadan¹, Füsun Gökkaya², Şeyma Tunçay³

Abstract:

This study aimed to adapt the “Bullying Questionnaire” developed by Baughman and his colleagues to Turkish culture. The study sample consists of 542 adults. The sociodemographic information form prepared by the researcher, The Bullying Questionnaire, The Second Revision of the Revised Cyber Bullying Scale – II and The Dirty Dozen Scale were used for data collection. For the analysis of the data, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 programs. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO= .940) Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (x2= 6150.337, sd=153, p<.05) were conducted to determine the conformance of data to factor analysis. According to the exploratory factor analysis, the final version of the scale accounts for 51% of the total variance and consists of 18 items gathered under 1 factor. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the results obtained as a result of exploratory factor analysis. It was concluded that the results obtained from confirmatory factor analysis (CMIN/DF= 5.021, GFI= .90, CFI= .92, NFI= .91, RMSEA= .09, RMR= .048) were consistent with the findings of exploratory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha, item-total correlation, test-retest and similar scale validity methods were used in the validity and reliability analyses of the scale. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient obtained from the overall scale was calculated as .94. The findings obtained as a result of the analyses were discussed in the framework of the literature, and it was determined that the Bullying Questionnaire had the necessary psychometric properties.

Keywords: Adult Bullying, Bully, Bullying, Reliability, Validity.

¹MA., Cyprus International University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Nicosia, TRNC, E-mail: [email protected], ORCID ID: 0009-0009-5994-4093

²Assist. Prof. Dr., İzmir Tinaztepe University, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, Psychology Department, İzmir, Turkey, E-mail: [email protected], ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9392-0724.

³PhD Student, Istanbul Arel University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Psychology, Istanbul, Turkey, E-mail: [email protected], ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3551-3503.

Address of Correspondence/Yazışma Adresi: Şeyma Tunçay, PhD Student, İstanbul Arel University, Psychology Doctorate Programme, Merkez Efendi District, Eski Londra Asphalt Street, No 1/3, 34010 Zeytinburnu/Istanbul. E-mail: [email protected], ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3551-3503

Date of Received/Geliş Tarihi: 13.09.2024, Date of Revision/Düzeltme Tarihi: 11.12.2024, Date of Acceptance/Kabul Tarihi: 21.12.2024, Date of Online Publication/Çevirimiçi Yayın Tarihi: 20.03.2025

Citing/Referans Gösterimi: Deniz Kadan, G., Gökkaya, F., & Tunçay, Ş. (2025). The Adult Bullying Scale: An Adaptation Study, Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology 7(1), 3-12

© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Cyprus Mental Health Institute / Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology (www.ktppdergisi.com). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/