Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised in Turkish for Middle School Students

Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology, Early View

Published Online: 03 July 2026, Doi:10.35365/ctjpp.26.3.03

RESEARCH ARTICLE / ARAŞTIRMA YAZISI

Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised in Turkish for Middle School Students

Ortaokul Öğrencileri İçin Başarı Hedefi Anketi-Gözden Geçirilmiş Formunun Türkçe Uyarlaması ve Psikometrik Analizi

Emre koçak¹ , Derya Girgin¹

Abstract:

This study aims to adapt the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised Form (AGQ-R) into Turkish and to examine its validity and reliability among middle school students. The sample comprised 527 students in grades 5 through 8, aged 10 to 15, drawn from various public schools. The adaptation process employed the back-translation method, which is widely accepted in the literature, followed by a thorough review for grammatical and punctuation accuracy. To ensure cultural appropriateness, expert feedback was obtained from a multidisciplinary panel within the faculty of education, which facilitated the identification and removal of culturally specific content from the scale items. Validity and reliability analyses were conducted using SPSS 25 and AMOS 22. The internal consistency of the scale was supported by a Cronbach’s alpha of α = 0.89, and corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.525 to 0.644 across all subscales. In addition, the convergent validity and internal consistency of the constructs were confirmed using Average Variance Extracted (AVE) and Composite Reliability (CR) values. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized four-factor structure (mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance), demonstrating a good model fit (χ²/df = 2.145; RMSEA = 0.047; CFI = 0.978). These findings indicate that the Turkish version of the AGQ-R is a psychometrically sound tool for measuring achievement goal orientations among middle school students. It is recommended for use by researchers and educators to better understand and support student motivation in the Turkish educational context.

Keywords: Achievement Goal Orientation, AGQ-R, Scale Adaptation, Mastery Goals, Performance Goals.

¹Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Educational Sciences, Curriculum and Instruction, Çanakkale, Türkiye.

Address of Correspondence/Yazışma Adresi: Derya Girgin, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Educational Sciences, Curriculum and Instruction, Çanakkale, Türkiye, E-mail: [email protected].

Date of Received/Geliş Tarihi: 04.09.2024, Date of Revision/Düzeltme Tarihi: 11.01.2026, Date of Acceptance/Kabul Tarihi: 25.04.2026, Date of Online Publication/Çevirimiçi Yayın Tarihi: 03.07.2026

Citing/Referans Gösterimi: Koçak, E. & Girgin, D. (2026). Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the achievement goal questionnaire-revised in Turkish for middle school students. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology, 1-9, Doi:10.35365/ctjpp.26.1.07.

© 2026 The Author(s). Published by Cyprus Mental Health Institute / Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology (www.ktppdergisi.com). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/